Unit 1: Heat and Temperature
I. Choose the correct answer
1. International unit of measuring temperature is _________.
Kelvin b) Fahrenheit c) Celsius d) Joule
Ans: a) Kelvin
2. In thermometer when bulb comes in contact with hot object, liquid inside it
Expands b) contracts c) remains same d) none of above
Ans: a) expands
3. The body temperature of a healthy man is;
0oC b) 37oC c) 98oC d) 100oC
Ans: b) 37oC
4. Mercury is often used in laboratory thermometers because it ______.
Is a harmless liquid
Is silvery in colour and is attractive in appearance
Expands uniformly
Is a low cost liquid
Ans: c) expands uniformly
5. Which of the following temperature conversions is incorrect
K (Kelvin) = oC (Celsius) + 273.15
Ans: d)
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. Doctor uses clinical thermometer to measure the human body temperature.
2. At room temperature mercury is in liquid state.
3. Heat energy transfer from hotter object to colder object..
4. -7oC temperature is less than 0oC temperature.
5. The common laboratory thermometer is a mercury thermometer.
III. Match the following
Ans:
IV. Give very short answer
1. Temperature of Srinagar (J&K) is -4oC and in Kodaikanal is 3oC which of them has greater temperature? What is the difference between the temperatures of these two places?
Compared to Srinagar (J&K) , Kodaikanal has greater temperature. The difference in temperature is 7oC.
2. Jyothi was prepared to measure the temperature of hot water with a clinical thermometer. Is it right or wrong? Why?
It is wrong. We should not use clinical thermometers to measure temperature of objects other than human body. Because, clinical thermometers have very short temperature range. If we do it, the glass may crack or burst due to pressure created by expansion of mercury.
3. A clinical thermometer is not used to measure the temperature of air, why?
The range of clinical thermometers is very low so we cannot measure the temperature of air.
4. What is the use of kink in a clinical thermometer?
Kink is used to prevent the flowing back of mercury, so that the temperature can be noted conveniently.
5. Why do we jerk a clinical thermometer before we measure the body temperature?
We need to jerk a clinical thermometer to bring the level of mercury down to bulb.
V. Give short Answer.
1. Why do we use Mercury in thermometers? Can water be used instead of mercury? What are the problems in using it?
Advantage of mercury:
Its expansion is uniform.
Its a good conductor of heat.
It has high boiling point (357oC) and a low freezing point (-39oC). Hence a wide range of temperature can be measured using a mercury thermometer.
Water cannot be used to measure temperature as it does not expand on heating.
2. Swathi kept a laboratory thermometer in hot water some time and took it out to read the temperature. Ramani said it was a wrong way of measuring temperature. Do you agree with Ramani? Explain your answer.
I agree with Ramani. It was the wrong way of measuring temperature with laboratory thermometers. As there was no kink to control back flowing of mercury, we needed to read the temperature by keeping the thermometer in the heat source itself. We should not take it out to read the temperature.
3. The body temperature of Srinath is 99oF. Ih he suffering from fever? If so, why?
No, Srinath was not suffering from fever. The average internal temperature of humans are nearly equal to 99oF or 37oC.
VI. Give long answer
1. Draw the diagram of a clinical thermometer and label its parts.
2. State the similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer.
Unit 2: Electricity
I. Choose the correct answers
1. In the circuit diagram below, 10 units of electric charge move past point x every second. What is the current in the circuit _______
10 A b) 1 A c) 10 V d) 1 V
Ans: a) 10 A
2. In the circuit shown, which switches (L, M or N) must be closed to light up the bulb?
Switch L only
Switch M only
Switch M and N only
Either switch L or switches M and N
Ans: d) Either switch L or switches M and N
3. Small amounts of electrical current are measured in milliampere (mA). How many milliampere are there in 0.25 A?
2.5 mA b) 25 mA c) 250 mA d) 2500 mA
Ans: c) 250 mA
4. In which of the following circuits are the bulb connected in series?
Ans: b)
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. The direction of conventional current is opposite to electron flow.
2. One unit of coulomb is charge of approximately 6.242 x 1018 protons or electrons.
3. Ammeter is used to measure the electric current.
4. In conducting materials electrons are loosely bounded with atoms.
5. S.I unit of Electrical conductivity of a conductor is Siemens / meter (S/m).
III. True or False - If False give the correct answer
1. Electron flow is in the same direction to conventional current flow. False
Ans: Electron flow in opposite direction to conventional current flow.
2. The fuse wire does not melts whenever there is overload in the wiring. False
Ans: The fuse wire will melt whenever there is overload to cut power supply.
3. In a parallel circuit, the electric components are divided into branches. True
4. The representation of the electric current is A. True
5. The electrical conductivity of the semiconductor is in between a conductor and an insulator. True
IV. Match the following
Ans:
V. Analogy
1. Water: pipe :: Electric current : wire
2. Copper : conductor :: Wood : insulator
3. Length : metre scale :: Current : Ampere
4. Milli ampere: micro ampere :: 10-3A : 10-6
VI. Assertion and Reason
1. Assertion (A): Copper is used to make electric wire.
Reason(R): Copper has very low electrical resistance.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Both A and R are false.
Ans: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Assertion (A): Insulators do not allow the flow of current through themselves.
Reason(R): They have no free charge carriers.
If both A and R are true and the R is correct explanation of A.
If both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
If A is true and R is false.
If both A and R are false.
Ans: a) If both A and R are true and the R is correct explanation of A.
VII. Very short answer.
1. What is the speed of electric current?
The speed of electric current is 3 x 108 m/s.
2. What is the S.I unit of electrical conductivity?
Unit of electrical conductivity is Siemens/metre (S/m).
3. Name the device used to generate electricity.
Battery and Generators are used to generate electricity.
4. Define fuse.
Fuse is a circuit interrupting device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level.
5. Name some devices that run using heat effect of electric current.
Electric bulb
Geyser
Iron box,
Immersible water heater
6. Name few insulators.
Wood, plastics and glass are some examples of insulators.
7. What is a battery?
Batteries are a collection of one or more cells whose chemical reactions create a flow of electrons in a circuit.
VIII. Short Answer
1. Define an electric current.
The flow of electric charges constitute an electric current.
The symbol for current is I
The SI unit is ampere (A)
Current (I) = q/t
2. Differentiate parallel and serial circuits.
3. Define electrical conductivity.
Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is the measure of a material’s ability to conduct an electric current.
It is denoted by symbol σ (sigma).
The SI unit is Siemens/meter (S/m).
IX. Long Answer
1. Explain the construction and working of an Telephone.
Construction of an Telephone:
The diaphragm is attached to spring that is fixed to the earpiece.
When a current flows through the wires, the soft-iron bar becomes an electromagnet.
The diaphragm becomes attracted to the electromagnet.
Working:
As the person on the other end of the line speaks, his voice cause the current in the circuit to change. This causes the diaphragm in the earpiece to vibrate,producing sound.
2. Explain the heating effect of electric current.
Generation of heat due to electric current is known as the heating effect of electricity.
When an electric current passes through a wire, the electrical energy is converted to heat.
In heating appliances, the heating element is made up of high melting point materials.
Mostly used high melting point element is nichrome ( an alloy nickel, iron and chromium)
The electric bulb, geyser, iron box, immersible water heater are based on this effect.
Such appliances have heating coils of high resistance.
3. Explain the construction and working of a dry cell.
A dry cell is a type of chemical cell commonly used in the common form batteries for many electrical appliances. It is available in portable and compact form. It was developed by Yei Sakizo in 1887.
Construction of dry cell:
Dry cell consist of zinc vessel which acts as a negative electrode or anode.
The vessel contains a moist paste of saw dust saturated with a solution of ammonium chloride and zinc chloride.
The ammonium chloride acts as an electrolyte.
The zinc chloride is to maintain the moistness of the paste being highly hygroscopic.
The carbon rod covered with a brass cap is placed in the middle of the vessel. It acts as a positive electrode or cathode.
It is surrounded by a closely packed mixture of charcoal and manganese dioxide (MnO2) in a muslin bag. MnO2 act as a depolarizer.
The zinc vessel is sealed at the top with pitch or shellac.
A small hole is provided in it to allow the gases formed by the chemical action to escape.
The Chemical action inside the cell is the same as in leclanche cell.
Unit 3: Changes Around Us
I. Choose the best answer
1. When a woolen yarn is knitted to get a sweater, the change can be classified as _____.
Physical change b) chemical change c) endothermic change d) exothermic change
Ans: a) physical change
2. __________ of the following are endothermic changes.
Condensation and melting
Condensation and freezing
Evaporation and melting
Evaporation and freezing
Ans: a) condensation and melting
3. The chemical change is _________.
Water to clouds
Growth of a tree
Cow dung to bio-gas
Ice-cream to molten ice-cream
Ans: c) cow dung to bio-gas
4. _________ is an example of a periodic change.
Earthquake.
Formation of rainbow in sky
Occurrence of tides in seas
Showering of rain
Ans: a) Earthquake
5. ___________ is not a chemical change.
Dissolution of ammonia in water
Dissolution of carbon-di-oxide in water
Dissolution of oxygen in water
Melting of polar ice caps
Ans: d) Melting of polar ice caps
II. Fill in the blanks
1. Filling up a balloon with hot air is a physical change.
2. Stretching gold coin into a ring is a physical change.
3. Opening a gas cylinder knob converts liquid fuel into gaseous fuel. This is an example of physical change.
4. Spoiling of food is a chemical change.
5. Respiration is a exothermic chemical change.
III. True or False. If false, give the correct answer.
1. Cutting of cloth is an example of a periodic change. False
Ans: Cutting of cloth is a physical change
2. Taking a glass of water and freezing it by placing it in the freezer is chemical change. False
Ans: Freezing is a physical change.
3. A bean plant collecting sunlight and turning it into bean seeds is an example of physical and non-periodic change. False
Ans: Its a chemical change.
4. If the chemical properties of a substance remain unchanged and the appearance or shape of a substance changes it is called a periodic change. False
Ans: It is a physical change.
5. Tarnishing of silver is an example of endothermic change. False
Ans: Tarnishing of silver is a chemical change.
IV. Match the following
Ans:
V. Classify the following changes as physical and chemical changes
A rough piece of wood is sanded and polished resulting in change in texture, Rusting of a iron nail, Painting the grill, Bending a paper clip, Pounding silver into thin plate, Rolling the Chappathi dough into thin wire, Occurrence of day and night, eruption of volcano, burning of matchsticks, dosa from the batter, blinking of eyelids, occurrence of a thunderstorm, rotation of the earth, formation of eclipses.
VI. Analogy
1. Physical change: Boiling :: Chemical Change: Rusting of iron.
2. Wood to saw dust: physical change :: Wood to Ash : chemical change.
3. Forest fire: non-periodic change :: change in period in a school : periodic change.
VII. Very short answer type question
1. State two examples of periodic changes.
Motion of hands of a clock
Heart beating
2. Mention any two exothermic reactions.
Burning of a candle
Burning of magnesium ribbon
3. Cold milk is heated and it becomes hot. Which type of change it is?
It is a reversible change.
4. What type of change is artificial ripening of fruit?
Artificial ripening of fruit is a chemical irreversible change.
5. What type of change is colouring of a paper?
Colouring of a paper is a physical change.
6. Growing of nails is a periodic change. Why?
As the growing of nails occur in regular periodic intervals, it is a periodic change.
7. What type of energy changes is associated when ice melts?
Melting of ice is associated with endothermic reactions and physical change.
VIII. Short answer type question
1. Distinguish physical and chemical changes.
2. How can a change occur in a substance?
The change occur in a substance can be classified mainly into physical and chemical change. Physical change refers to change in appearance only. Chemical change in which new products are formed.
3. Can you suggest a method to collect water from sea water?
Evaporation is the technique used to extract salt from sea water.
4. Is solar eclipse a periodic change? Give your reason.
Yes, solar eclipse is a periodic change. Because solar eclipse occurs in a definite interval of time.
5. What is the difference between dissolution of sugar and burning of sugar?
Dissolution of sugar: It is a physical reversible change.
Burning of sugar: It is a chemical irreversible change. Burning activates the reaction between sugar and oxygen and new product is formed.
IX. Long answer type question
1. Explain the following statement: Digestion is a chemical change.
While eating we grind the food into smaller pieces and send it to stomach.
Digestion mainly occurs in stomach and small intestine.
The grinded food reacts with several enzymes and acid presents in stomach.
Since there are several new products are formed during digestion, its a chemical change.
Digestion is irreversible and permanent change.
2. How the iron blade is fixed into a wooden handle in tools used to dig the soil?
The iron blade can be fixed into a wooden handle by heating the ring in the iron blade.
Heating leads to expansion of metal, thus ring gets bigger.
Hence the ring can be easily fitted to wooden handle.
Then, we can pour the cold water to contract the heated iron ring.
The blade is attached firmly to the wooden handle of a spade by this process.
X. Higher order Thinking questions
1. Peeled and unpeeled banana does not look the same. Does that mean peeling banana is a chemical change?
No, peeling banana is not a chemical change. Because in a chemical change new products should be formed. As peeling banana does not create new product it is a physical change.
2. A very hot glass on putting in cold water cracks. What does this change indicate?
Sudden change of temperature leads to crack in the glass because inside contracts while the outside remains expanded. It is a physical irreversible change.
3. Boiling of water is a physical change; but boiling of egg is a chemical change. Why?
Boiling of water: If he boil the water it becomes steam. There is no chemical change in it and it is a physical change.
Boiling of egg: On boiling the chemical nature of egg changes along with change in its physical state also. Hence boiling of egg is a chemical change.
XI. Assertion -Reason type question
1. Assertion: The explosion of firecracker is a physical change.
Reason: A physical change is a reversible change.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: d) A is false but R is true.
2.Assertion: The process of conversion of liquid water to its vapours by heating the liquid is called boiling.
Reason: The process of conversion of water vapours to liquid by cooling the vapours is called condensation.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: b) both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. Assertion: Burning of wood log to charcoal is a physical change.
Reason: The products formed of burning a piece of wood can be easily converted back to wood log.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: Both A and R are false
4. Assertion: The formation of iron oxide from iron is a chemical change.
Reason: For the rust to form from iron, it must be exposed to air and water.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
5. Assertion: A drop of petrol when touched with finger gives a chill feeling.
Reason: The above phenomenon is an endothermic one.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
XII. Picture based question
1. Observe the picture and list down the changes that are accompanied in the picture.
Physical change
Chemical change
Exothermic reaction
2. Observe the picture containing a kettle and not that it has salt water in it and answer the following questions.
a) What is the name of the process that is done to the kettle?
Ans: Boiling
b) What will happen to the content of the kettle?
Ans: Water in the kettle is converted into vapour.
c) What kind of change is occurring on the cold surface of the metal plate?
Ans: Endothermic reaction takes place.
d) What can you say about the quality of water that is obtained in the beaker?
Ans: Water is obtained by the process of condensation. The salt will be deposited down in the kettle and we got a good quality salt free water.
Unit 4: Cell Biology
I. Choose the correct answer
1. Basic unit of life.
Cell b) Protoplasm c) Cellulose d) Nucleus
Ans: a) Cell
2. I am the outer most later of an animal cell. Who am I?
Cell wall b) Nucleus c) Cell membrane d) Nuclear membrane
Ans: c) Cell membrane
3. Which part of the cell is called the brain of the cell?
Lysosome b) Ribosome c) Mitochondria d) Nucleus
Ans: d) Nucleus
4. _______ helps in cell division
Endoplasmic reticulum b) Golgi complex c) Centrivole d) Nucleus
Ans: c) Centriole
5. Suitable term for the various components of cell is_____.
Tissue b) Nucleus c) Cell d) Cell organelle
Ans: d) Cell organelle
II. Fill in the blanks
1. The jelly like substance present in the cell is called cytoplasm.
2. I convert the Sun’s energy into food for the plant. Who am I? Chloroplast
3. Mature Red blood cell do not contain a Nucleus.
4. Unicellular organisms can only be seen under a Microscope.
5. Cyctoplasm plus necleoplasm is equal to protoplasma.
III. True or False - If false give the correct answer.
1. Animal cells have a cell wall. False
Ans: Animal cell does not have cell wall.
2. Salmonella is a unicellular bacteria. True
3. Cell membrane is fully permeable. False
Ans: Cell membrane is selectively permeable.
4. Only plant cells have chloroplasts. True
5. Human stomach is an organ. True
6. Ribosomes are small organelles with a membrane. False
Ans: Ribosomes are small but does not have membrane.
IV. Match the following
Ans:
V. Analogy
1. Bacteria : microorganism :: mango tree : macroorganism.
2. Adipose : tissue :: eye : organ.
3. Cell wall : plant cell :: centriole : animal cell
4. Chloroplast : photosynthesis :: mitochondria : respiration.
VI. Choose the correct alternative from the following.
1. Assertion (A): Tissue is a group of dissimilar cells.
Reason (R) : Muscle is made up of muscle cell.
Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: d) A is false but R is true.
2. Assertion (A): Majority of cells cannot be seen directly with naked eye because.
Reason (R) : Cells are microscopic.
Both A and R are true.
Both A and R are false.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.
Ans: a) Both A and R are true.
VII. Very short answer
1. What are the functions of cell wall in plant cell?
Provide framework for support and stability
Helps to maintain shape of the plant cell.
2. Which organelle uses energy from sunlight to make starch?
Chloroplast
3. What are the main things in a nucleus?
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin body
Nucleolus
4. What does cell membrane do?
It acts as a boundary of the cell and protects it.
5. Why lysosomes are known as scavangers of the cell?
Lysosomes digest damaged cell parts. So, they are known as scavangers of the cell.
6. Teacher said “A virus is not an organism” Do you agree with this statement or not? Explain Why?
Yes, I agree with the statement. A virus act as living only inside the host cell only and act as non-living outside. It does not have cell wall, cell membrane or any other organelle.
VIII. Give short answer
1. Why the cell is very important for us?
Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of life.
A group of cells forms tissue which forms organ and organ system.
Hence cells are very important for us.
2. Distinguish between the following pairs
Smooth ER and Rough ER
Cell wall and cell membrane
Chloroplast and mitochondria
3. Write correct sequence from cell to organism?
Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism
4. Write a short note on nucleus.
Structure of nucleus:
Nucleus present in cytoplasm of the plant and animal cells.
It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope.
It has one or two nucleoli and chromatin body.
The chromatin body stores genetic information.
Functions of nucleus:
It control all the processes and the chemical reaction that take place inside the cell.
Responsible for inheritance of character from one generation to another.
5. Classify the following terms into cells, tissues, organs and write in the tabular column given below.
Neuron, Lungs, Xylem, Brain, adipose, leaf, RBC, WBC, hand, muscle, heart, ovum, squamous, phloem, cartilage.
6. On the lines given below, write about what you have learned from the activities done in this lesson. Let me tell you about some of the important things I’ve learned about cells. First, I’ll start with
Ans:
Cell is a basic structural and functional unit of life.
The cells form tissues, tissues form organs, organ forms organ system, organ system forms organisms.
Based on the number cells present organisms are classified into unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Cell membrane is present in both plant and animal cells
But the cell wall is present only in plant cell.
Cell contains several organelles which are involved is specific functions.
Nucleus is one of the organelle which is the controlling centre of a cell.
IX. Give long answer
1. Write about any three organelles in detail.
Nucleus:
Nucleus present in cytoplasm of the plant and animal cells.
It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope.
It has one or two nucleoli and chromatin body.
The chromatin body stores genetic information.
It control all the processes and the chemical reaction that take place inside the cell.
Responsible for inheritance of character from one generation to another.
Chloroplasts:
Chloroplasts are green organelles seen in plant cells only.
They can prepare food using sun as energy source and photosynthesize because of the presence of pigment chlorophyll in it.
They absorb radiant energy of the sun and convert it to chemical energy to be used by plants.
Mitochondria:
Mitochondria ia a double membrane bounded organelle.
Aerobic respiration occurs in mitochondria and energy is released. Hence mitochondria is called as power house of the cell.
The energy produced is used for metabolic activities of the cell.
2. In a situation how to explain, while your friend ask what is this, never seen before?
The above figure is a animal cell.
It is a basic unit of an animal body.
Animal cell contain cell membrane but lacks cell wall.
It has several organelle like mitochondria, ribosomes, golgi apparatus, etc..
It has centrioles which are absent in plant cells.
In cell nucleus is the controlling centre of the cell.
3. Compare the plant cell and animal cell and complete the illustration given below.
X. Higher order thinking question
1. Virus is called Acellular. Why?
Virus does not contain cell wall, cell membrane, organelles and cytoplasm. It is made up of only outer protein coat and a nucleic acid inside it. Hence virus is described as a acellular.
Unit 5: Basis of Classification
I. Choose the correct answer.
1. The following characteristics are essential for classification.
Similarities b) Differences c) Both of them d) None of them
Ans: c) Both of them
2. Approximately ________ species of living organisms found in the earth.
8.7 million b) 8.6 million c) 8.5 million d) 8.8 million
Ans: a) 8.7 million
3. The largest division of the living world is ________.
Order b) Kingdom c) Phylum d) Family
Ans: b) Kingdom
4. Who proposed the five kingdom of classification?
Aristotle b) Linnaeus c) Whittaker d) Plato
Ans: c) Whittaker
5. The binomial name of pigeon is ________.
Homo sapiens b) Rattus rattus c) Mangifera indica d) Columbo livia
Ans: d) Columbo livia
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. Gaspard Bauhin in 1623, introduced the binomial nomenclature.
2. Species is the basic unit of classification.
3. Fungi are non-green and non-photosynthetic in nature.
4. The binomial name of onion is Hum sativum.
5. Carolus Linnaeus is known as the Father of Modern Taxonomy.
III. True or False. If false write the correct answer.
1. Classification helps to know the origin and evolution of an organism.True
2. Fishes are aquatic vertebrates. True
3. In the year, 1979, Five kingdom classification was proposed. False
Ans: Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom classification in the year 1969.
4. True nucleus is seen in prokaryotic cell. True
5. Animal cells have cell wall. False
Ans: Animal cell lacks cell wall.
IV. Match the following.
Ans:
V. Assertion and Reason Questions
1. Assertion: Binomial name is the universal name and contains two names.
Reason: It was first introduced by Carolus Linnaeus.
Assertion is correct, Reasonin is correct.
Assertion is correct, Reasoning is incorrect.
Assertion is incorrect Reasoning is correct.
Assertion and Reasoning are incorrect.
Ans: b) Assertion is correct, Reasoning is incorrect.
2. Assertion: Identification, assortment and grouping are essential for classification.
Reason: These are basic steps of taxonomy.
Assertion is correct, Reasoning is correct.
Assertion is correct, Reasoning is incorrect.
Assertion is incorrect Reasoning is correct.
Assertion & Reasoning is incorrect.
Ans: a) Assertion is correct, Reasoning is correct.
VI. Give very short answer.
1. What is classification?
The method of arranging the organisms into groups is called classification.
2. List out the five kingdoms classification.
Monera
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
3. Define - dichotomous key.
Dichotomous key is a tool used to classify organisms based on their similarities and differences.
4. Write two examples of Monera.
Blue green algae
Bacteria
5. What is binomial nomenclature?
Binomial nomenclature is an universal system of naming organisms. In this system organisms has two names- first name Genus and the second name is Species name.
6. Write the binomial name of a) Human being b) paddy
Human being: Homo sapiens
Paddy: Oryza sativa
7. Write two features of protista.
Protista contain unicellular and few multicellular eukaryotes.
It includes plant like protists (Algae) and animal like protists (protozoans)
VII. Give short answer.
1. Write the levels of classification.
There are mainly seven categories namely, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species.
2. Differentiate plantae and animalia.
3. Write any two merits of Five Kingdom classification.
This system of classification is more scientific and natural.
This system of classification clearly indicates the cellular organization, mode of nutrition, and characters for early evolution of life.
VII. Give answer in Detail
1. Explain about five kingdom classification.
Five kingdom of classification was proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969. He classified the organisms into five kingdoms on the basis of characteristics like cell structure, mode of nutrition, source of nutrition and body organization.
2. Write short notes on -Binomial Nomenclature.
Gaspard Bauhin in 1623, introduced Binomial nomenclature.
It was implemented by Carolus Linnaeas in 1753.
Carolus Linnaeas is known as Father of Modern Taxonomy.
Binomial nomenclature:
It is the universal system of naming organisms.
As per this system, each organisms has two names - the first is the Genus name, and the second is the species name.
Genus name begins with a capital letter and Species name begins with a small letter.
For example, the nomenclature for onion is Allium sativum. Genus name is Allium, species name is sativam.
Binomial nomenclature and classification helps scientists to identify any organisms and to place them at a particular hierarchy.
3. Give an account on the classification of invertebrates with few general gestures and examples.
IX. Hots
1. Which kingdom has saprophytic, parasitic and symbiotic nutrition. Why?
Kingdom Fungi comprises of unicellular to multicellular organisms which are heterotrophic in their mode of nutrition. They do not contain chlorophyll and cannot photosynthesize. Hence they show modes of nutrition such as;
Saprophytic: Obtaining nutrition from dead matter. Eg. Mucor.
Parasitic: Obtaining nutrition from living organisms. Eg. Cercospora.
Symbiotic: Obtaining nutrition through a mutually beneficial relationship with another organism. Eg. Lichens.
Unit 6: Digital Painting
I. Choose the correct answer.
1. Tux paint software is used to _____.
Paint b) Program c) Scan d) PDF
Ans: a) Paint
2. Which toolbar is used for drawing and editing controls in tux paint software?
Left side: Toolbar
Right side : Toolbar
Middel : Tool bar
Bottom : Toolbar
Ans: a) Left side : Toolbar
3. What is the shortcut key for undo option?
Ctrl+Z b) Ctrl+R c) Ctrl+Y d) Ctrl+N
Ans: a) Ctrl+Z
4. Tux Math software helps in learning the ______.
Painting b) Arithmetic c) Programming d) Graphics
Ans: b) Arithmetic
5. In Tux Math, Space cadet option is used for _____.
Simple addition b) Division c) Drawing d) Multiplication
Ans: a) Simple addition
Answer the following questions
1. What is Tux Paint?
Tux Paint is a free drawing program designed for young children.
2. What is the use of Text Tool?
Text Tool is used to type texts.
3. What is the shortcut key for save option?
The shortcut key for save option is Ctrl+S.
4. What is Tux Math?
Tux Math is an open source arcade-style video game for learning arithmetic.
5. What is the use of Ranger?
Ranger is used to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division to ten.
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